Varicose veins, the symptoms of which are collected every fourth inhabitant of the planet is not only an aesthetic defect, manifests itself in the form of a tree blue mesh on her legs, hips, or back stop, heaviness in the legs, pain in the static load or long walks, of crisis, spasms in the muscles of the legs, but also high risk of thrombosis in the system of the inferior vena cava.
Thrombotic complications lead to trophic ulcers on the legs, tip to disorders of the circulation of the blood with blue limbs and risk their mortification. Detached from the vascular wall, blood clots in the legs often begin a journey that ends in the heart (signatura a heart attack) or the brain's blood (becoming the cause of stroke). It is this fact, and not spoiled view once attractive walk requires an early attention to the treatment (and better for the prevention of varicose veins.
As the disease, in appearing, is not static, and gradually progresses, capturing all the new cuts, internal or external of the venous network of the legs, and the analysis of treatment should begin with the description of the prevention. Exactly reasonable prevention measures will at least a couple to slow the process, developed on a background of inherited insolvency of the valve unit of the veins of the lower limbs.
The prevention of varicose veins
The veins of the lower limbs are very weak to the wall, practically devoid of muscle, which might push the blood through the reduction. Then in the veins of special valves that prevent the reflux of blood and its stagnation in the veins. On the part of people to these valves through heredity untenable or become with age:
- when the heavy physical effort
- increases in intra-abdominal pressure
- constipation
- frequent gestations.
The first process concerns outside of vienna. And then it hits the manifold, of vienna, and deep venous network. Varicose veins of the limbs develops in a few (sometimes dozens of years), and its speed varies depending on the style of life, intensity of exercise and the strength of the walls of the blood vessels.
- Therefore, the first task of the prevention – to reduce to a minimum the increase in intra-abdominal pressure (to combat constipation, prevent excessive overload).
- The second task is to create the conditions for a passive outflow of blood in the veins of the legs. Be sure to make it to the end of a day or several times a day. With this purpose, the legs stacked from the foot to the thigh on the surface with an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. Be in this position should be not less than half an hour. The face, for which the varicose veins on the legs – a medical fact, it is best to sleep with your legs elevated as often as possible.
- It is recommended that varicose veins do not use tight shoes, socks with elastic stretched – that is, not to create additional obstacles for the circulation of the blood in the legs.
- The same problem does not cross the legs and prolonged sitting, put your feet on the support and give them a horizontal (or slightly higher) position. The installation times can be seen in a gangster film pro cool a mafia, that sitting in your chair, fill your feet on the desk.
- Of course, in the office, if you are the owner of a company, will have to think of something less flashy. It is possible, for example, to put under the desk, a cardboard box and put your feet on it or use for the same purpose large plastic waste paper basket with a flat top cover. For any questions about an unusual way to sit behind a desk need to answer honestly, in order to avoid the ridiculous and does not seem extravagant. You must remember that none of the employees not to accept active participation in your treatment. Therefore, it must be adequately perceive the opinions of others and not to neglect the prevention of the disease.
- If you are home, try to assume a horizontal position, and the positioning with the help of a couple of pillows your legs above your head. This is necessary to improve the conditions of the venous outflow.
Conservative treatment
In the program of non-surgical treatment including diet, compression and drug therapy.
Diet
Dietary interventions are required, as well as excess weight is one of the risk factors for development of varicose veins. The power supply must be compensated for (the consumption of energy should not exceed energy needs, which correlate with the character of the load or the lack thereof). In addition to this, from the menu should exclude spicy condiments, pepper, pickled, excess salt, cured meats, and reduce the consumption of the roast. The alcohol, also it is recommended not to eat.
In the menu there must be a sufficient number of vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin c, dishes, fiber-rich, whole-grain bread, fish. Shown often (not less than 4 times per day) fish hydrolysate. Regarding fashion a few years ago, the tendency to restrict themselves in all the animal fats, this is to forget. Of course, the exorbitant figures of triglycerides and cholesterol – this is not the case. But in reasonable quantities of cholesterol helps patch up the vascular wall, reducing the risk of secondary thrombotic complications and sudden interruptions of the veins.
Waiver of the tobacco smoke
Structure - the most bad habit in varicose veins. If I had to choose between the consumption of moderate amounts of alcohol and smoke, the first one you can still get to endure. Here is the second must categorically exclude. Not only the resin to clog the blood vessels, increasing the risk of thrombosis and secondary complications (heart attack, stroke, pulmonary embolism). In particular, it is worth to be aware of who has varicose veins (or predisposed to it), takes hormonal drugs, and still manages to smoke.
Compression garment (socks, stockings, tights)
It is a good option for the prevention and treatment of early stages of varicose veins, as well as have different settings of pressure on the soft tissues, the variations of patterns and colors. Wear linen for the home, you need to in the morning, not getting up from the bed, whereas the venous system is not yet full of blood. For this method, there is a but – tags the exorbitant prices on the territory of the RUSSIAN federation, limiting the purchase of knitwear against varicose veins are the large popular masses. As a general rule, use linen they begin to, not the one who is still able to help in the first phase of the disease, and people with severe forms of varicose veins, often complicated by some processes that have shown already ready for treatment and compression of the tissue as secondary prevention.
Varicose veins: treatment with drugs
Drugs – it is not a panacea. Completely stop or cure the varicose veins are not able to.
Creams and gels
These tools, it is possible to protect the walls of the veins, stimulate the venous outflow and a couple of improve microcirculation. These tools can reduce the severity of the pain and swelling of the condition a course of reception. Are shown the courses two times a year, if of a duration not less than 2 months.
The most useless (but safe) you can read an ointment or gel. They do not penetrate beyond the skin and how to value action on the blood vessels have not can. They recommend the early stages of the disease, when you do not know, because in reality they can go to the swelling and heaviness in the legs: from the drugs, or simple postural drainage, and of the end of the year.
This therapy involves the administration of medications or an elastic bandage. Its simplicity, preserving the aesthetic appearance of the limbs, the lack of effects on the general health of the patient attracted by this technique, as the doctors and the patients.
But isolated sclerotherapy does not bring results in persistent and is not able to stop the progression of the disease. In most cases you still need to combine with operative treatment. Before the therapy must be performed ultrasound of the lower extremities, precluding facilities for tobogganing, long lesions and subcutaneous or deep veins of the legs.
The contraindications to this technique are: allergies to medications, atherosclerosis of the great vessels with the presence of ischemia, angiopathy diabetic, endocarditis obliterans, a defeat of the system of blood coagulation, acute or recent thrombophlebitis of the legs, and pregnancy.
Therapy options
- Before the intervention, hardening of the veins can be used before surgery, with the aim of reducing the risk of hemorrhage and thrombosis in post-operative period
- during operation, in replacement of vein removal
- after the surgery for the closure of the remaining veins.
The method of pl
If you apply not in the operating room, it takes place in a doctor's surgery, with the observance of all the rules of asepsis. Before we close more large of vienna, and then the smaller ones. When the drugs usually are introduced from top to bottom. Vienna perforated the patient's right, prior to the introduction of the drug of his stack. If in the field of interest falls along the vessel or of the blood vessels throughout the circumference of the foot, held a couple of sessions of therapy. After procedure the patient should be observed in the phlebologist in the course of three years after the last injection.
- After administration of the drug is elastic, bandage the limb, which is repeated over the course of 2 weeks. When in the first week of the blindfold won't take off.
- Within half an hour after the procedure, the patient must walk.
- Every day a patient needs to sleep with adjustment at the pedal end, while during the day to avoid long periods of sitting or standing and walking a lot.
Varicose veins: operation
The decision on the appropriateness of a medical intervention or a vascular surgeon.
Often, women with injury of the superficial veins, and they decided to the surgery only because of a aesthetic defect, offer to postpone the operation, if provided for in the subsequent pregnancy (as well as during pregnancy varicose veins, usually progresses, and the result achieved may disappear and require again surgical treatment).
Combined flebectomia
The most common variant of a quick resolution of the problem of varicose veins of the lower limbs is combined flebectomia. The operation is performed under general anesthesia or with epidural anesthesia. All the cuts and drilled holes and try to make as smaller. For example, for the removal of the great saphenous vein is performed an incision in the groin area. Through it is inserted into the vein, probe with the tip. Then the probe is extracted and is removed vienna from the central part of the leg to the groin. Through small ducts to remove the ducts and the veins smaller. After surgery, use compression (bandage or stocking on the leg).
Electrocoagulation
It involves the removal of subcutaneous veins due to exposure to the current. The method to be the most dangerous radio frequency obliteration or classic surgery.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery eliminates the veins due to the low temperatures. With modern hardware, safe method. You can't always calculate the depth of freezing without damage to the surrounding tissue or do not leave “leftovers”.
Home treatment of varicose veins
Varicose veins can be treated at home also systemic drugs (on prescription), even if the ointments and gels, even if the leech (treatment of varicose veins leech) and cabbage sheet, apple vinegar. Also the home of the programme that is suitable for compression underwear and elastic bandage (chosen and recommended by the doctor). For the execution of the initial stages of the disease, all of these efforts will be useless without a radical surgical treatment.
So, today, a radical method to get rid of varicose veins is possible to recognize only the surgical techniques, often combined with therapy and / or compression techniques.