From this article, you will learn about the signs of varicose veins in the lower extremities, family pathology, treatment and prevention.
What are varicose veins?
Varicose veins is a venous pathology, which is based on the failure of the vascular valve device, resulting in venous insufficiency, dilated lumen, congestion, and tissue paste.
The main cause of pathology
Varicose veins on the legs have different causes and symptoms, with smaller gender characteristics.The main common trigger of pathology is congenital muscle weakness of connective tissue.The second is hormonal changes, so women are diagnosed with varicose veins more frequently. Long static postures (sitting or standing) work, and the longer the legs, the more serious the situation. Excess weight can also cause increased pressure on the veins of the lower limbs and lack of physical exercise. Smoking, pregnancy, concomitant medical conditions, tight underwear, shoes, high heels, and all the factors that cause stagnation of blood circulation in the veins of the legs are risk factors for varicose veins.
Symptoms and clinical manifestations
The signs of varicose veins in men and women are not essentially different. This is a staged disease, the symptoms of which are related to the stage of development of the pathological process.
The first stage is characterized by minor clinical manifestations: the veins barely protrude above the skin surface, the dermis is slightly congested, leg discomfort begins to appear, the legs appear mushy at night, ankles, and twitching. From an aesthetic point of view, this symptom of varicose veins in the legs is particularly painful for women. Pain usually precedes visual symptoms.
In the second stage, the clinical appearance is typical: the leg veins clearly protrude above the skin surface and are well palpated, similar to lymph nodes. If the pathological process progresses, the veins of the lower limbs will appear tortuous, with a blue-violet hue, and sometimes turn black.
The symptoms of varicose veins in the third stage are characterized by the development of complications: nutritional disorders appear, the skin resembles parchment, edema and cramps become common, the legs are covered by a rash, itching begins, and secondary floraConnection, pus cortex, dermatitis, eczema.
The fourth stage of varicose veins in the lower extremities is the most serious symptom: inflammation of the skin of the raised veins, involvement of nearby tissues, open trophic ulcers, permanent pain in the legs of varicose veins, secondary infections leading to thrombosis, Thrombosis, thrombosis hospitalization, comprehensive treatment.
May I ask the doctor?
The phlebologist is involved in varicose veins for leg pain, but the vascular surgeon can also perform the initial diagnosis. It all depends on the severity of the pathology. The phlebologist prescribes conservative treatment or consults the vascular surgeon for consultation to solve the surgical problem.
Without complete clinical and laboratory tests, it is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis. The instrument diagnosis method is helpful to clarify the pathological state, and the test duration is up to 10 minutes to half an hour. At the first appointment, the doctor will immediately announce the results of the examination. The choice of appropriate treatment depends on the stage of the pathology.
Treatment function
The treatment of varicose veins is based on "three pillars": drug therapy, minimally invasive techniques, and classic surgery.
Conservative therapy
In addition to the mandatory general recommendations for varicose veins: dosage, regular physical exercise, minimizing static load on the legs, exercise therapy, wearing compression stockings, use of elastic bandages-conservative treatments include the appointment of flavonoid-based plantsMedicine, horse chestnut extract. These are tablet-like systemic drugs: synthetic and based on natural ingredients.
In most cases, oral administration is combined with topical varicose vein therapy of the same name. According to doctors and patients, capsules and gels are the most effective combination.
Of course, people should not expect a complete cure through conservative methods. Drugs cannot restore dilated veins, but as a preventive measure, surgical treatment of varicose veins is impossible when preparing for surgery-these drugs can ensureThe disease progression is stopped and the symptoms are relieved.
Compression sclera therapy
The essence of minimally invasive treatment of varicose veins is to inject a special sclerosing agent into the dilated vein. The doctor injects the foam solution into the vein through a syringe. The foam solution fills the deformed blood vessels, causing the blood vessels to spasm.
Place the patient in compression stockings, which are designed to keep the blood vessels in this state. Within three days, the vein walls stick together and the blood vessels are closed from normal blood flow and ignored. You need to wear compression stockings for at least one month, sometimes two. The criterion for the effectiveness of the treatment is the adhesion formed.
If the varicose veins are not complicated by the reverse blood flow from the deep blood vessel to the superficial blood vessel through the connecting vein, then compression sclerotherapy is performed.If there is such a backflow, the effectiveness of the process tends to zero.
Operation intervention
Surgery-used to be the most reliable and effective way to treat varicose veins, regardless of whether there is reflux in the vein. But here, you must also consult a doctor in time, because relapse usually occurs in the later stages. Varicose veins are operated using different techniques: microsurgery, radiofrequency and laser coagulation of malformed veins.
In the initial stage, photocoagulation or laser removal of spider webs is effective. In the later stages, phlebectomy is required-the affected veins are completely removed. Surgery is traumatic and there is a risk of complications. Therefore, today's doctors are trying to use less traumatic microfibrectomy. If varicose veins are complicated by venous thrombosis, infection may be secondary, andcross resectioncan be performed.
What to do with varicose veins in the legs at home?
The essence of using folk remedies to prevent and treat varicose veins comes down to removing toxins from the body and restoring normal blood flow. To this end, they must have a balanced diet, including cabbage, tomatoes, sweet peppers, herbs, citrus fruits, apples, peaches, cherries, cherries, strawberries, gooseberries, and blackcurrants for daily consumption. The correct diet must be calculated: 40 ml per kilogram of body weight.
In addition, they took advantage of the characteristics of green tomatoes to cut green tomatoes into thin slices and tie them to the varicose veins in a compact form. Lycopene is an antioxidant in fruit pulp, which can improve the structure of blood vessel walls and make veins form a tone, thus ensuring the effect. You can try juicing: all vegetables eaten raw are suitable.
Garlic and lemon extracts are effective: fungicides can dissolve cholesterol plaques and clear blood vessel cavities, a natural antibiotic (garlic) can kill pathogenic bacteria, and vitamin C can strengthen vein walls and prevent salt deposition. The preparation method of the simply agent is very simple: cut 4 unpeeled lemons into small pieces, cut 4 garlic heads into small pieces, put the mixture into a jar, fill it with warm water, and stick to cover it under the lid. Days, shake the container every day, filter, put in the cold storage, drink one-third of the cup/day with meals. Of course-drink 12 liters of the final solution.
Apple cider vinegar is generally considered a source of minerals and vitamins; for varicose veins, it is taken orally in the morning and evening by dissolving two teaspoons of the product in a glass of water. Outward: Wipe varicose veins with a tampon soaked in vinegar to relieve itching and pain.
The compress is made of honey. Apply a sterile napkin together with the product to the varicose vein area under the film for several hours. Under a plant bandage, chopped cabbage leaves with vegetable oil overnight. Course-month.
Prevention
The prevention of varicose veins has two goals: to prevent the onset of the disease and reduce the number of recurrences. For this: you can’t go to the sauna or take a hot bath, and don’t lift weights. It is recommended to do a lot of exercise, but does not include strength exercises, weight control, and minimize spicy and fatty foods.
No need to wear tight clothes, socks, knee-high socks, stockings with elastic bands, and you can cross your legs when sitting. Encourage women to give up high heels.
At night-take a cool foot bath, and wash your feet in cold water in the morning. We must abandon bad habits and master the main points of self-massage: stroke the skin of the lower limbs from bottom to top and in the opposite direction for 10 minutes to minimize stress, avoid overheating, colds, and undergo medical examination.
Due to varicose veins, it is possible to visit the swimming pool, walk, take a contrast shower at home and wear compression stockings often.