Currently, the varicose veins on the legs is very widespread disease. The incidence in women is 3 times higher than men. This is due to the anatomical structure of the blood vessels, their location and pregnancy.
In the last decades experienced a "rejuvenation" of the disease — often varicose veins on the legs, the signs of which is already pronounced, there are also students. The WHO considers the disease of the veins to dangerous diseases, "shoot first in walk and then in the heart", because of its fatal complications.
Varicose veins on the legs — causes
Unlike arteries, veins have valves, because of the presence of the regurgitation is not possible. In the case of a violation of the functioning of these valves, if existing, in the body imbalance of elastin and collagen decreases drastically the elasticity of the walls, occurs on the thinning and stretching. Consequently, the valves and the same vessels can not cope with its functions, there is a reversal of blood-flow, develops stasis. This is the mechanism of formation of varicose veins.
In the case of the formation of varicose veins on the legs, the reasons that led to its development, different.
Hereditary predisposition
This is one of the major causes of varicose veins on the legs — has determined the 1/3 of patients with this pathology. In the presence of varicose veins to close relatives (parents, grandmother, great grandmother), the probability of the onset of the disease is 70%. Genetic factor is not a disease, but a genetically determined the anatomical structure of blood vessels:
- defects of defective valves;
- enough developed the connective tissue of the walls of the veins.
- pregnancy and childbirth;
- menstruation;
- menopause;
- treatment with hormones, drugs or their use in contraception.
- thin vascular mesh purple - blue color;
- pain, fatigue, burning sensation or itching in the legs in the evening;
- numbness or seizures muscle twitching during the night.
- the skin in places of varicose veins on the legs thickens, and flakes, is covered, for example, blue spots;
- pain in the calf muscles acquire is of a permanent nature, when you walk in the amplified;
- appear venous nodes, which are accompanied by pain on palpation.
- thrombophlebitis;
- thromboembolism;
- sores;
- bleeding that can occur from a small shock, difficult to stop it.
- 1. Pharmacological: are assigned, depending on the condition of the blood vessels (after the results of the investigation of vascular ULTRASOUND or contrast venografii), venotoniki, NSAIDS, anticoagulants. Perhaps the use of drugs of these groups locally in the form of gels, ointments, creams.
- 2. Compression treatment: wearing special stockings, in extreme cases — the use of elastic bandages.
- 3. Pneumatic massage improves the nutrition of tissues, with a consequent improvement of the venous flow.
- 4. Sclerotherapy – introduction of specific drugs into a vein, obstructing the flow of blood through it. Occurs the progressive atrophy of the ship, it disappears.
- 5. Laser coagulation of blood vessels — the most modern method. Is performed under general anesthesia, a positive result comes after a month.
- 1. Walking is better than standing.
- 2. Feel better, stand up.
- 3. Be better than sitting.
- periodically lift the feet on the desk or on the level of the heart, to improve the outflow of blood;
- you can put your feet on the mat and with the force of lifting the toes a couple of times to reduce the venous pressure;
- 10-minute break for walking or training of the legs after each hour of sitting;
- in all cases of physical exercise (workout, running, sports on the simulator), and also during the pregnancy, before flying in a plane, during long car trips, you need to use compression hosiery.
- Contraindicated in varicose veins on the legs:
- the excess of food, the consumption of large quantities of spicy, salty, fatty;
- alcohol, smoking;
- the excess of weight;
- lifting and transport large heavy loads;
- hot baths for more than 10 minutes at a temperature above 36,70 With, sauna, Turkish bath, solarium;
- hot of the procedure;
- hormonal drugs, incl. and contraceptives;
- heel more than 4 cm (the muscles of the tibia, begin to fall in part which leads to the rupture of the venous circulation).
In this regard, the varicose veins on the legs, the signs that you encounter, to different degrees, young people of both genders and also for children, so widely used.
Hormonal imbalance in the body
In varicose veins on the legs and the causes of its development are multiple, but among these, the highest value plays hormonal imbalance that occurs when:
Female sex hormones (progesterone, etc.) and their counterparts are the cause of the destruction of the collagen in the walls of the veins. This greatly reduces their tone.
Inflammatory processes of the genital organs
Inflammation of the pelvic organs lead to hormonal irregularities and changes in blood flow in small veins. Accordingly, a message appears between the veins and the arteries, increases the volume and the pressure of the blood in the veins. They dilate, the valves regulate the flow of blood, they appear varicose veins.
Nervous disorders
The tone of all of the vessels are regulated nerve endings. If certain effects (stress, depression, neurosis, etc.,) occurs a violation of neural regulation, the venous tone is reduced, and the diameter of the blood vessels increases.
Physical overload lead to increased pressure in the veins. With large static loads (the excess weight of the body, moving weights, pregnancy and childbirth, and the long walk without traffic) has greatly improved the blood pressure in veins. The risk groups are the vendors, teachers, hair stylists, porters.
Sedentary life-style or work
Beach of modern life — computers "varicose veins". The muscles of his legs are a sort of "pump": a reduction in venous blood faster it moves upwards. In the sitting position, the muscles do not contract, also tog — touch of vienna, and their tone is reduced, and a violation occurs, the circulation of the blood.
The increase in intra-abdominal pressure leads to high pressure in the veins of the legs, that stops the operation of the valves. This occurs when long-lasting constipation, sneezing, coughing.
The development of varicose veins on the legs can cause low immunity, injury. Plays a sexual role membership. In a relationship with a genetic predisposition for women to varicose veins in the legs, symptoms that can be expressed to a different extent, the more frequently, than men. People turn to doctor when you experience complications dangerous, and without surgical treatment is impossible.
Varicose veins on the legs — the first symptoms
In varicose veins on the legs the first symptoms, which begin the disease, cannot be pronounced and is not a time for attention. These include:
As a progression of changes in venous vessels with varicose veins on the legs the first symptoms of the disease are aggravated and complaints are becoming more:
In the future, if varicose veins on the legs, the signs of the disease are intensified and edema. They are the signal that the vein can not cope with its function. This period is dangerous complications that can lead to death:
Therefore, the varicose veins on the legs, the signs you trust, you must take care because of possible complications. Thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the inner walls of the veins) favors the formation of blood clots that can block blood flow in a vessel (phlebothrombosis), or broke, go with the current of blood in the lungs (embolism), which could end up lethal.
In order to avoid fatal complications it is necessary to timely appeal to phlebologist (angiohirurgu) and the control of blood coagulation.
Varicose veins on the legs — treatment
When the symptoms of varicose veins on the legs, the treatment should begin immediately. Currently, medicine has achieved considerable success in the treatment of this pathology.
If they are detected the first symptoms of varicose veins on the legs, the treatment is still possible without the intervention and consists of several procedures:
A fundamental role in the treatment of varicose veins place therapy aimed to restore the tone of the venous wall.
Varicose veins on the legs — prevention
In varicose veins on legs prevention of the disease in the broadest sense consists of three rules:
To vienna to work normally, the muscles of the legs must be reduced. Both legs must be in horizontal position with the knees straight.
If a man forced to long-sitting or standing — is located in the high-risk group. For a good circulation of blood in the veins must be the contraction of the muscles of the legs and the heart. Therefore, if varicose veins on legs prevention is an active lifestyle, that includes, possibly:
– walks at a fast pace;
– swimming;
– a bike ride.
Physical exercise should not be long.
When the debt in the foot, and a "cross" from one foot to the other, move the fingers of the feet.
Prevention measures of prolonged sitting:
It is not possible to self-medicate. At the first sign of varicose vein disease it is necessary to consult a doctor and start a timely treatment to avoid serious complications.